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Animosity as Ideology? Analysis of the Construction of the "West" in the Discursive Strategy of the Islamic State
Hvězda, Martin ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Földes, Kristián (referee)
Examining the ideological nature of Islamist movements can indicate in some way the ideological motivations of their members and explain why they intend to devote their often young lives to hating and fighting their perceived enemy. The radical terrorist organization Islamic State (we use the alternative name Daesh in the work) currently represents the most visible form of Islamic radicalism, and its ideological origins are also the main subject of our research. During the analysis of the complex ideology of Daesh, the work focuses on its specific component in the form of an articulated struggle with the West and hateful criticism of Western society. The initial hypothesis, which is then empirically verified, is based on the assumption of the existence of the historical roots of this ideology in the form of Salafist jihadism and Wahhabi theological doctrine. Using postmodern theoretical approaches together with the application of Foucault's genealogical method, our work carries out historical research supported by elements of critical discursive analysis in order to clarify the roots and formation of the anti-Western discourse, which is used in such a clear way precisely in the ideology of Daesh. We attempt to trace the creation of a discursive strategy across the history of Islamic thought and...
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Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies
Kotvalová, Anna ; Záhora, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies Master's thesis Author: Bc. Anna Kotvalová Study programme: International Relations Supervisor: Mgr. Jakub Záhora, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2019 ABSTRACT The presented diploma thesis is concerned with the discourse and narratives of the phenomenon of terrorism in the American cinema, produced after 9/11 and its reflection on the events within the War on Terror. This thesis rests on two major theoretical realms, Critical terrorism studies and the interconnection between popular culture and the world of politics. This thesis addresses three American mainstream films produced after 9/11, Zero Dark Thirty, Lone Survivor and American Sniper in order to analyse the discourse and narratives which refer to the antagonists in these movies (more specifically, the discourse and narratives which portrays justification for the American behaviour within the War on Terror) and to address the political consequences of this kind of discourse. This thesis defines four major repetitive patterns in the discourse: humanization of the "American side", dehumanization of the antagonists, depiction of torture and violence and lack of context and concludes...
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Islámský fundamentalismus v Bangladéši
Veselý, Petr
This bachelor thesis is focused on Islamic fundamentalism in Bangladesh. The work is based on a case study that uses the qualitative research method and the amount of rele-vant data needed to analyze the issue after gaining independence in 1971. The first part is devoted to an explanation of technical terms, which are mentioned in the next section of the thesis. The second section of the thesis is focused on the analysis of the presence of Islamic fundamentalism in Bangladesh. The connection of Islamic fundamentalism with the political sphere follows the second section.
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Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies
Kotvalová, Anna ; Záhora, Jakub (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Islamic terrorism in US film: how we construct our own enemies Master's thesis Author: Bc. Anna Kotvalová Study programme: International Relations Supervisor: Mgr. Jakub Záhora, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2019 ABSTRACT The presented diploma thesis is concerned with the discourse and narratives of the phenomenon of terrorism in the American cinema, produced after 9/11 and its reflection on the events within the War on Terror. This thesis rests on two major theoretical realms, Critical terrorism studies and the interconnection between popular culture and the world of politics. This thesis addresses three American mainstream films produced after 9/11, Zero Dark Thirty, Lone Survivor and American Sniper in order to analyse the discourse and narratives which refer to the antagonists in these movies (more specifically, the discourse and narratives which portrays justification for the American behaviour within the War on Terror) and to address the political consequences of this kind of discourse. This thesis defines four major repetitive patterns in the discourse: humanization of the "American side", dehumanization of the antagonists, depiction of torture and violence and lack of context and concludes...
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Attempt at Democratic Transition in Iran 1997-2000
Koláček, Jakub ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis "Attempt at Democratic Transition in Iran 1997-2000" analyzes the developement of restricted liberalization and democratization, which was started in Iran in Spring 1997 by election of reformist presidential candidate Muhammad Khatami into office. The essay looks on theese events as a result of the longer cultural change which occured in Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution and as a consequence of the cleavages which split the Iranian political space into several different streams. The thesis uses a theoretical perspective based on the idea that Iran, in the course of 20th century, constantly evolved in the form of modern national state for which the Islamic revolution was but a regime change, which replaced one authoritarianism for another with a different ideology. Based on this perspective the events after the Khatami election are analyzed in terms of the transitologic theory through which the essay examines the specific dynamcis of political contest between the softliners who push for a democratization of the regime and the hardliners who take pains to preserve the authoritarian practice based on the theory of "The Rule of the Jurisconsult" articulated first by the founder of the Islamic Republic, Ruhollah Khomeini.
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Hizb ut-Tahrir in the UK
BERÁNEK, Petr
The thesis deals with the international Islamic fundamental organization Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami. The first part contains information about a brief history and leading personalities of this organization. Next it analyses objectives of the Hizb ut-Tahrir and its strategy in general, by which the party wants to achieve its goals. Further the thesis describes a party hierarchical structure from the highest positions to the ordinary members. Then it is summarizing Hizb ut-Tahrir?s ideology itself, with an emphasis on party?s radical attitudes, contrary to the legal and social standards of Western societies. The second part of thesis is focused on a description of Hizb ut-Tahrir?s activities and measures directed against this organization by the governments of states with Muslim majority in North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, South and Southeast Asia, for which the organization represents security threat, because of its efforts to coup d'etat and re-establishment of the pan-Islamic state. Further there is a description of Hizb ut-Tahrir?s operations in Western countries (In Germany, Denmark and in the UK), where the party causes problems because of its disintegration rhetoric and intolerant attitudes. More attention is given to an issue of national fraction of the Hizb ut-Tahrir in the UK considering, that the main executive leadership of the party resides there. Using this example helps to approximate, that the party did not actually change its radical program, but it is only trying to adapt to an increased pressure from the government of the UK, which twice tried to ban the organization.
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Islamic Fundamentalism in Psychological Perspective
HOUSKOVÁ, Martina
This thesis describes the basic psychological elements of Christian fundamentalism, which are at the same time related to the psychology of the Islamic fundamentalism. The second chapter of this thesis deals with the historical consequences of the Islamic fundamentalism, which is vital for the comprehension of the psychological aspect of the problem. We come to the conclusion that the main source of this phenomena is - thanks to the worldwide globalization - the enculturating influence of the West. The final chapter deals with the psychological analysis of the conversion of the individuals to the fundamentalist groups, the role of the leader and the influence these groups have on the individual. We can see the interesting analogy of the fundamentalist movements with the function of the sectarianism.
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Hamas and terrorism as a barrier to peace between Israel and Palestine
Podracká, Petra ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Šabacká, Yvona (referee)
Bachelor thesis describes the formation and evolution of the Hamas movement on the background of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it examines its ideology, terrorist methods and analyses the motivation of suicide martyrs. At the same time it deals with entities, which provide Hamas with financial and other support. The movement's popularity among Palestinians is manifested by the outcome of the last legislative elections, which are further analysed in this thesis. The text presents the viewpoints of both sides of the conflict as well as the views of representatives of the international community. Their inconsistency reflects the complexity of this conflict, the solution of which is currently at a stalemate. The aim of this thesis is to prove on the basis of relevant facts that Hamas is a barrier to peace, and outline up-to-date possibilities, which can help restart the peace process.
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Islamic fundamentalism and its role in the contemporary world
Heinzová, Klára ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
This theses presents the differences between islamic fundamentalism and its offshoots - islamism and extremism and maintains the so-called three-level scheme. Which says that the fundamentalism is foundation of all movement, the second stage consists of islamism, which seeks to enforce Islamic law in the world and the last stage is extremism. The theses also discusses the comparison of information that provide selected media about concrete acts connected with islamic fundamentalism.
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